John T. SPIKE
-Da qualche giorno è apparso sulla stampa una notizia che molti si aspettavano riguardante la famosa tela raffigurante l’Ecce Homo che fece discutere perchè apparve in un’asta a Madrid come “seguace di Jusepe de Ribera” ma venne riconosciuta da vari studiosi come possibile opera di Caravaggio cosa che effettivamente dopo studi ed indagini oggi pare sicura. Lei avrà seguito la vicenda come molti studiosi; le chiedo dunque che idea si è fatta dell’intera vicenda e poi se andrà a vederla ‘de visu’ a Madrid quando sarà esposta.
– La tela è stata accostata dal Prof. Massimo Pulini che ne pubblicò l’immagine in un articolo su About Art al famoso e misterioso “concorso Massimo” cui Caravaggio avrebbe partecipato insieme con il Passignano e il Cigoli su committenza della nobile famiglia romana ma altri studiosi non sono d’accordo; Lei che ne pensa ? Secondo lei a quale periodo potrebbe risalire la realizzazione dell’opera dal punto di vista dello stile caravaggesco?
– Il ritrovamento della tela ripropone per l’ennesima volta il tema delle opere di Caravaggio perchè capita spesso che compaiano quadri dati all’artista lombardo e che non sono suoi, e quadri che oggi si riconoscono essere copie ma di cui manca l’originale. Lei ha studiato da anni la figura di Caravaggio ha qualche idea di come poter superare questa impasse?
A few days ago, news appeared in the press that many expected regarding the famous canvas depicting Ecce Homo which caused discussion because it appeared at an auction in Madrid as a “follower of Jusepe de Ribera” but was recognized by various scholars as a possible work of Caravaggio, which actually seems certain today after studies and investigations. You will have followed the story like many scholars; I therefore ask her what idea she has of the whole affair and then whether she will go and see it ‘de visu’ in Madrid when it is exhibited.
– The canvas was compared by Prof. Massimo Pulini who published the image in an article on About Art to the famous and mysterious “Massimo competition” in which Caravaggio participated together with Passignano and Cigoli commissioned by the noble Roman family but others scholars disagree; What do you think? In your opinion, what period could the creation of the work date back to from the point of view of Caravaggio’s style?
– The discovery of the canvas revives the theme of Caravaggio’s works for the umpteenth time because it often happens that paintings given to the Lombard artist and which are not his appear, and paintings which today are recognized as copies but of which the original is missing. You have studied the figure of Caravaggio for years, do you have any ideas on how to overcome this impasse?
1- I am unable to provide a definitive attribution at this time because I have not yet examined the painting in person.
2- I have made some research in the spirit of a useful observation I learned fifty years ago from Konrad Oberhuber, “Every attribution requires a date.”
3- The name of Mario Minniti (1577 – 1640 Siracusa) has been cited by some in connection with this painting discovered in Madrid in 2021. Although Minniti is perhaps not the artist of the Madrid painting, comparisons with his paintings of the Ecce Homo demonstrate that he knew the Madrid painting in Siracusa at least by 1625, and probably earlier. See Figures 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 compares three paintings of the Ecce Homo, which are from left to right: the painting discovered in Madrid in 2021 and widely attributed to Caravaggio, 111 x 86 cm;
2) attributed to Mario Minniti, 89,5 x 68 cm, c. 1610-1620, Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum, inv. 5665; Mario Minniti, 93 x 62,5 cm, signed and dated, “1625 Marius Menniti f.” Mdina, Malta, Cathedral Museum.
This comparison shows an evident dependence, although in different aspects, by Minniti’s paintings in Vienna and Mdina on the Madrid painting, or replica, ascribed to Caravaggio. The Pilate figure at left, who more resembles a Rabbi of the Sanhedrin, is very similar in Minniti’s earlier rendition in Vienna. (Another version of this painting was published by Roberto Longhi in 1954 as probably a copy after a lost Ecce Homo by Caravaggio. The picture appeared at a Dorotheum auction in Vienna on 9 June 2020, as Roman school c. 1610 – 1612, 81 x 65 cm, with extensive bibliography.) The surprised face of the soldier in Minniti’s 1625 Ecce Homo in Mdina is based on the corresponding figure in the Madrid canvas. Fig. 2 compares four paintings of the Ecce Homo, which are from left to right: the painting discovered in Madrid in 2021 and widely attributed to Caravaggio, 111 x 86 cm; Caravaggio, 128 x 103 cm, Palazzo Bianco, Genova (Spike, 2d revised ed. 2010, cat.no. 42); at top right attr. Minniti, Vienna, at bottom right Minniti, Mdina. The comparisons in Fig. 2 include the Ecce Homo in Genova which is generally accepted as autograph by Caravaggio. The limited palette employed in the Genova Ecce Homo underscores the three tonalities of black, red, and flesh color in Minniti’s two paintings based on the Madrid Ecce Homo (or replica). There is a striking connection between the Mdina Ecce Homo and the Genova Caravaggio, which seems to have gone unnoticed until now. Minniti has carefully copied Caravaggio’s Christ’s face, collar bone, shoulder, and elbow, right down to His fingertips. Scholars are aware of the presence in Sicily of an old copy of the Genoese picture, see Annalisa Stancanelli, “Il Caravaggio di Madrid, inventari e documenti per la pista siciliana degli Ecce Homo,” AboutArt on line, April 28, 2021.
John T. SPIKE Firenze 19 Maggio 2024
Italian version